手把手教你做一个数据图表生成器（附源码）

我的需求：手动配置X轴、Y轴、图表标题等参数自动通过Pyecharts模块生成可视化的html数据图表，并将浏览器图表展示到UI界面上。

【阅读全文】

制作出图表后的效果展示如下：

另外，生成后的图表结果会使用 html 的形式保存下来。

导入 UI 界面相关的 PyQt5 第三方模块库。

from PyQt5.QtCore import *

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

from PyQt5.QtGui import *

若是使用PyQt5的版本是5.10.1以上，则需要单独安装一下PyQtWebEngine，说是QtWebEngineWidgets模块被新版本移除了。执行一下下面安装单独安装一下PyQtWebEngine就OK了。

pip install PyQtWebEngine

导入 Web 浏览器引擎的支持。

from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView

应用其他的相关模块导入。

import sys  # 应用操作库

import os

from datetime import datetime

from pyecharts.charts import *  # 图表设置展示库

from pyecharts import options  # 图标参数配置库

主要的代码块实现过程如下：

class DataVisual(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(DataVisual, self).__init__()
        self.cwd = os.getcwd()  # 获取当前路径
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        self.setWindowTitle("数据图表生成器")
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("数据.ico"))

        self.brower = QWebEngineView()
        self.brower.setMinimumWidth(800)
        self.brower.setMaximumWidth(1400)
        self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(""))

        form = QFormLayout()

        """折线图/柱状图控件开始"""
        self.selected_label = QLabel()
        self.selected_label.setText("设置图表类型：")
        self.selected_cobox = QComboBox()
        self.selected_cobox.addItems(["Bar（柱状图/条形图）", "Line（折线/面积图）", "Pie（饼图）"])
        self.selected_cobox.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.selected_cobox_change)

        self.title_label = QLabel()
        self.title_label.setText("设置标题：")
        self.title_text = QLineEdit()
        self.title_text.setPlaceholderText("请输入图表标题（最大长度10）")
        self.title_text.setMaxLength(10)

        self.subtitle_label = QLabel()
        self.subtitle_label.setText("设置副标题：")
        self.subtitle_text = QLineEdit()
        self.subtitle_text.setPlaceholderText("请输入图表副标题（最大长度20）")
        self.title_text.setMaxLength(20)

        self.data_label_x = QLabel()
        self.data_label_x.setText("设置X轴数据：")
        self.data_text_x = QLineEdit()
        self.data_text_x.setPlaceholderText("湖北, 四川, 重庆, 河北, 云南")
        self.data_text_x.setMaxLength(1000)

        self.data_label_y1_name = QLabel()
        self.data_label_y1_name.setText("设置Y1轴标签：")
        self.data_text_y1_name = QLineEdit()
        self.data_text_y1_name.setPlaceholderText("请输入Y1轴标签")

        self.data_label_y1 = QLabel()
        self.data_label_y1.setText("设置Y1轴数据：")
        self.data_text_y1 = QLineEdit()
        self.data_text_y1.setPlaceholderText("34500, 3000, 3218, 2890, 50023")
        self.data_text_y1.setMaxLength(1000)

        self.data_label_y2_name = QLabel()
        self.data_label_y2_name.setText("设置Y2轴标签：")
        self.data_text_y2_name = QLineEdit()
        self.data_text_y2_name.setPlaceholderText("请输入Y2轴标签")

        self.data_label_y2 = QLabel()
        self.data_label_y2.setText("设置Y2轴数据：")
        self.data_text_y2 = QLineEdit()
        self.data_text_y2.setPlaceholderText("1200, 100, 300, 130, 1004")
        self.data_text_y2.setMaxLength(1000)
        """折线图/柱状图控件结束"""

        """饼图控件开始"""
        self.pie_table_label = QLabel()
        self.pie_table_label.setText("设置标题：")
        self.pie_table_label.setVisible(False)
        self.pie_table_text = QLineEdit()
        self.pie_table_text.setPlaceholderText("请输入标题")
        self.pie_table_text.setVisible(False)

        self.pie_data_label = QLabel()
        self.pie_data_label.setText("设置饼图数据：")
        self.pie_data_label.setVisible(False)
        self.pie_data_text = QLineEdit()
        self.pie_data_text.setPlaceholderText("华为:35,三星:59")
        self.pie_data_text.setVisible(False)

        self.pie_radius = QLabel()
        self.pie_radius.setText("设置数据显示比例：")
        self.pie_radius.setVisible(False)
        self.pie_radius_text = QLineEdit()
        self.pie_radius_text.setPlaceholderText("65%")
        self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(False)

        self.pie_radius_cle = QLabel()
        self.pie_radius_cle.setText("设置圆环空心比例：")
        self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(False)
        self.pie_radius_text_cle = QLineEdit()
        self.pie_radius_text_cle.setPlaceholderText("60%")
        self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(False)

        """饼图控件结束"""

        """公共控件开始"""
        self.save_dir_text = QLineEdit()
        self.save_dir_text.setPlaceholderText("请选择图表保存地址")
        self.save_dir_text.setReadOnly(True)
        self.save_dir_btn = QPushButton()
        self.save_dir_btn.setText("存储路径")
        self.save_dir_btn.clicked.connect(self.save_dir_btn_click)

        self.version = QLabel()
        self.version.setText("<font color="green">公众号：[Python 集中营]</font>")
        self.generate_btn = QPushButton()
        self.generate_btn.setText("生成图表")
        self.generate_btn.clicked.connect(self.generate_btn_click)

        """公共控件结束"""

        """折线图/柱状图布局开始"""
        form.addRow(self.selected_label, self.selected_cobox)
        form.addRow(self.title_label, self.title_text)
        form.addRow(self.subtitle_label, self.subtitle_text)
        form.addRow(self.data_label_x, self.data_text_x)
        form.addRow(self.data_label_y1_name,self.data_text_y1_name)
        form.addRow(self.data_label_y1, self.data_text_y1)
        form.addRow(self.data_label_y2_name,self.data_text_y2_name)
        form.addRow(self.data_label_y2, self.data_text_y2)
        """折线图/柱状图布局结束"""

        """柱状图"""
        form.addRow(self.pie_table_label, self.pie_table_text)
        form.addRow(self.pie_radius, self.pie_radius_text)
        form.addRow(self.pie_radius_cle, self.pie_radius_text_cle)
        form.addRow(self.pie_data_label, self.pie_data_text)
        """柱状图"""

        """公共布局"""
        form.addRow(self.save_dir_text, self.save_dir_btn)
        form.addRow(self.version, self.generate_btn)
        """公共布局"""

        hbox = QHBoxLayout()
        hbox.addWidget(self.brower)
        hbox.addSpacing(10)
        hbox.addLayout(form)
        self.setLayout(hbox)

    def save_dir_btn_click(self):
        directory = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "选取文件夹", self.cwd)
        self.save_dir_text.setText(directory)

    def selected_cobox_change(self):
        selected = self.selected_cobox.currentText().strip()
        print(selected)
        if selected == "Line（折线/面积图）" 
                or selected == "Bar（柱状图/条形图）":

            """显示控件"""
            self.title_label.setVisible(True)
            self.title_text.setVisible(True)

            self.subtitle_label.setVisible(True)
            self.subtitle_text.setVisible(True)

            self.data_label_x.setVisible(True)
            self.data_text_x.setVisible(True)

            self.data_label_y1.setVisible(True)
            self.data_text_y1.setVisible(True)

            self.data_label_y2.setVisible(True)
            self.data_text_y2.setVisible(True)

            self.data_label_y1_name.setVisible(True)
            self.data_text_y1_name.setVisible(True)

            self.data_label_y2_name.setVisible(True)
            self.data_text_y2_name.setVisible(True)

            """隐藏控件"""
            self.pie_table_label.setVisible(False)
            self.pie_table_text.setVisible(False)

            self.pie_data_label.setVisible(False)
            self.pie_data_text.setVisible(False)

            self.pie_radius.setVisible(False)
            self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(False)

            self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(False)
            self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(False)
        elif selected == "Pie（饼图）":

            """隐藏控件"""
            self.title_label.setVisible(False)
            self.title_text.setVisible(False)

            self.subtitle_label.setVisible(False)
            self.subtitle_text.setVisible(False)

            self.data_label_x.setVisible(False)
            self.data_text_x.setVisible(False)

            self.data_label_y1.setVisible(False)
            self.data_text_y1.setVisible(False)

            self.data_label_y2.setVisible(False)
            self.data_text_y2.setVisible(False)

            self.data_label_y1_name.setVisible(False)
            self.data_text_y1_name.setVisible(False)

            self.data_label_y2_name.setVisible(False)
            self.data_text_y2_name.setVisible(False)

            """显示控件"""
            self.pie_table_label.setVisible(True)
            self.pie_table_text.setVisible(True)

            self.pie_data_label.setVisible(True)
            self.pie_data_text.setVisible(True)

            self.pie_radius.setVisible(True)
            self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(True)

            self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(True)
            self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(True)

    def generate_btn_click(self):

        selected = self.selected_cobox.currentText().strip()
        if selected == "Pie（饼图）":
            pie_table_text = self.pie_table_text.text().strip()
            print(pie_table_text)
            pie_data_text_list = self.pie_data_text.text().strip().split(",")
            print(pie_data_text_list)
            list_data = []

            for str_ in pie_data_text_list:
                d_list = str_.split(":")
                tuple_ = (d_list[0],) + (int(d_list[1]),)
                list_data.append(tuple_)

            print(list_data)

            pie_radius_text = self.pie_radius_text.text()
            print(pie_radius_text)
            pie_radius_text_cle = self.pie_radius_text_cle.text()
            print(pie_radius_text_cle)

            pie = Pie()

            pie.add(
                series_name=pie_table_text,
                data_pair=list_data,
                radius=[pie_radius_text_cle, pie_radius_text],
                rosetype="radius"
            )

            pie.set_series_opts(label_opts=options.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}：{d}%"))

            pie.set_global_opts(title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=pie_table_text))

            html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + "/" + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + ".html"

            print(html_file_path)

            pie.render(html_file_path)

            self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path))

        elif selected == "Bar（柱状图/条形图）":
            title = self.title_text.text().strip()
            subtitle = self.subtitle_text.text().strip()
            data_x = list(self.data_text_x.text().strip().split(","))
            data_y1 = list(self.data_text_y1.text().strip().split(","))
            data_y2 = list(self.data_text_y2.text().strip().split(","))
            bar = Bar()
            bar.add_xaxis(data_x)
            bar.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y1_name.text().strip(), data_y1)
            bar.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y2_name.text().strip(), data_y2)

            bar.set_global_opts(
                title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=title, subtitle=subtitle),
                toolbox_opts=options.ToolboxOpts())

            bar.set_series_opts(
                label_opts=options.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
                markpoint_opts=options.MarkPointOpts(data=[
                    options.MarkPointItem(type_="min", name="最小值"),
                    options.MarkPointItem(type_="max", name="最大值")
                ]))
            html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + "/" + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + ".html"
            print(html_file_path)
            bar.render(html_file_path)
            self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path))
        elif selected == "Line（折线/面积图）":
            title = self.title_text.text().strip()
            subtitle = self.subtitle_text.text().strip()
            data_x = list(self.data_text_x.text().strip().split(","))
            data_y1 = list(self.data_text_y1.text().strip().split(","))
            data_y2 = list(self.data_text_y2.text().strip().split(","))
            line = Line()
            # 3. 关联数据
            line.add_xaxis(data_x)

            line.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y1_name.text().strip(), data_y1,
                           is_smooth=True)

            line.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y2_name.text().strip(), data_y2, markpoint_opts=options.MarkPointOpts(
                data=[options.MarkPointItem(type_="min", name="最小值")]
            ))

            line.set_series_opts(markline_opts=options.MarkLineOpts(
                data=[options.MarkPointItem(type_="average", name="平均值"),
                      options.MarkPointItem(type_="max", name="最大值")]
            ))

            line.set_global_opts(title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=title, subtitle=subtitle))

            html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + "/" + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + ".html"
            print(html_file_path)
            line.render(html_file_path)
            self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path))

公众号内回复”数据图表生成器”，获取完整源代码。

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