我爱学英语系列丛笔记

作为一名合格的程序员，我爱学习英语。遇到就随笔记一下……

that从句

初高中知识点，人一老就容易忘记。唉…
我们使用that从句，比较常见的就是使用that来引导名词性从句（比如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等）和定语从句。

名词性从句

当that引导的是名词性从句的时候，在从句中无具体的含义，只是作为连接词使用。that引导的从句结构和意义完整，通常从句一般是陈述一个事实。

1. The news that our team has own the match is true.
2. The reason he didn”t come was that he was ill.
3. That she was able to come made us very happy.

以下是that引导名词性从句应该注意的地方：

1. that引导主语和宾语从句的时候，常用it作形式主语或宾语，而把that从句放在后面。

   • It is well-known that the earth is round.
   • We find it neccssary that we practise spoken English every day.

2. that引导主语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句时，that不能省略。但是，若引导的是宾语从句，一般可以省略。

3. 以下三种情况that不能够省略。

   • 在suggest、order等表示命令、请求、建议等动词后的宾语；
   • 由and或but连接的两个引导宾语从句时，第一个从句可以省略，但是第二个不能省略；
   • that引导的宾语从句时，如果从句中还有其他的状语从句，不能省略。

定语从句

使用that来引导定语从句的时候需要注意以下几点：

1. 定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时要用who/that，修饰物时用which/that；

   • Is this the factory which/that makes TV sets.
   • The man who/that visited our school is from China.

2. 从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用who/whom/that，修饰物时用which或that，或者省略；

   • Gone are the days which/that we spent together in the village.
   • He is the man who/whom/that I think to be worthy of our praise.

3. 使用that，而不用which的七种情况：

   1. 先行词有形容词、最高级、序数词时，用that不用which引导；

      This is the best place that I have ever visited.

   2. 先行词为little、much、all、none、few、one、something、everything、nothing、anything等不定代词时，用that不用which引导；

      There is nothing in the world that can frighten him.

   3. 先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词，用that不用which引导；

      He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited.

   4. 先行词前有any、all、no、few、every、some、the only、the last等词修饰时，用that不用which引导；

      This is the very coat that I need.

   5. 先行词为which时，为了避免重复，用that不用which引导；

      Which is the book that you bought yesterday.

   6. 先行词在从句中做表语时，常用that引导；

      Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930″s.

   7. 当主句是There be的句型时，用that不用which引导；

      There are two tickets for the film that are for you two.