wen GUI基础
GUI编程：
一个界面的组件：
- 窗口
- 弹窗
- 面板
- 文本框
- 列边框
- 按钮
- 图片
- 监听事件
- 鼠标
- 键盘事件
- 破解工具
1 简介
Gui的核心技术：Swing AWT，
不流行的原因：
- 因为不美观
- 需要Gre环境
为什么我们要学习？
- 可以写出自己心中的想要的小工具
- 工作的时候，也可能需要维护到swiing界面，概率极低
- 了结MVC架构，了结监听
2 AWT
2.1 Awt介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口！GUI：图形用户编程
- 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
- java
2.2、组件和容器
1、Frame
package com.kang.lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 看源码，JDK，Frame
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图形窗口");
//设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(200,200);
//设置窗口背景颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(116, 53, 148));
//设置弹出坐标位置
frame.setLocation(200, 200);
//设置大小是否固定
frame.setResizable(true);
}
}
结果如下所示：
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame(100, 100, 100, 100, Color.YELLOW);
new MyFrame(200, 100, 100, 100, Color.GRAY);
new MyFrame(100, 200, 100, 100, Color.blue);
new MyFrame(200, 200, 100, 100, Color.green);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0;
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
super("MyFrame"+(++id));
super.setBounds(x, y, w, h);
super.setBackground(color);
setVisible(true);
}
}
结果显示：
2、 面板
解决了窗口关闭事件！
package com.kang.lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
public class TestPanel {
//panel 可以看成一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//b布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//设置坐标
frame.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(203, 68, 203));
panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(221, 55, 55));
//窗口添加面板frame.add(panel)
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//关闭窗口：监听事件——监听关闭窗口事件System.exit（0）；
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
// 窗口关闭要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
结果展示：
2.3、 布局
- 流式布局
package com.kang.lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件：按钮
Button button1 = new Button("Button1");
Button button2 = new Button("Button2");
Button button3 = new Button("Button3");
//设置为六十布局
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
frame.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
//把按钮添加上去
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
- 东西南北中
package com.kang.lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
Button button1 = new Button("East");
Button button2 = new Button("West");
Button button3 = new Button("South");
Button button4 = new Button("North");
Button button5 = new Button("Center");
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(button4,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
- 表格式布局
package com.kang.lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
Button button1 = new Button("tab1");
Button button2 = new Button("tab2");
Button button3 = new Button("tab3");
Button button4 = new Button("tab4");
Button button5 = new Button("tab5");
Button button6 = new Button("tab6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.add(button4);
frame.add(button5);
frame.add(button6);
frame.setSize(200, 200);
// frame.pack(); //java函数，优化布局
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
- 课后练习
package com.kang.lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
public class ExDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
frame.setBackground(new Color(121, 23, 96));
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());//panel在创建之初就已经形成，不能再被布局
Panel p2 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p3 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
Button button4 = new Button("button4");
Button button5 = new Button("button5");
Button button6 = new Button("button6");
p3.add(button3);
p3.add(button4);
for (int i = 7; i < 11; i++) {
p4.add(new Button("button"+i));
}
p1.add(button1,BorderLayout.WEST);
p1.add(p3,BorderLayout.CENTER);
p1.add(button2,BorderLayout.EAST);
p2.add(button5,BorderLayout.WEST);
p2.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
p2.add(button6,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(p1);
frame.add(p2);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
总结：
-
Frame是个一个顶级窗口
-
Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中
-
布局管理器
- 流式布局管理器
- 东西南北中管理器
- 表格管理器
-
大小、背景、颜色，监听
2.4、监听事件
事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？
package com.kang.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActonEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮，触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame("TestActonEvent");
Button button = new Button("button1");
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
//因为 addActionListener（） 需要一个ActionListener类，所以构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frameClosing(frame);
}
//关闭窗口的方法
public static void frameClosing(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaaaaa");
}
}
多个按钮共享一个事件：
package com.kang.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class TestActonEvent02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
frame.setBackground(new Color(196, 28, 28));
frame.setVisible(true);
windowsClose(frame);
Button button1 = new Button("button-start");
Button button2 = new Button("button-stop");
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
// 在可以显示的定义，触发会返回的命令。如果不设置，则会走默认值
// 可以多个按钮，用一个监听类
button1.setActionCommand("start");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
}
//关闭窗口
public static void windowsClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
System.out.println("按钮被点击了，输出的信息："+e.getActionCommand());
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
}
}
}
2.5、输入框
package com.kang.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
}
}
//
class MyFrame extends Frame {
public MyFrame() {
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下enter键盘，就会触发这个输入框事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar("$");
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源，返回一个特定的对象
System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入的文本框
field.setText("Love");//NULL ”“
}
}
2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习
oop原则：组合，大于继承！！！
class A{ public B b;}
- 加法计算器
//设计一个简单的加法计算器
package com.kang.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class TestCalcu {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame2 myFrame2 = new MyFrame2("Calcu");
myFrame2.Penal();
}
}
//计算器显示
class MyFrame2 extends Frame {
//建立类的初始化参数
public MyFrame2(String title) {
super();
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
setBackground(new Color(239, 95, 30));
}
public void Penal(){
//一个按钮
Button button1 = new Button("=");
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
TextField field1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField field2 = new TextField(10);
TextField field3 = new TextField(20);
add(field1);
add(label);
add(field2);
add(button1);
add(field3);
//最优化框架
pack();
//button动作事件监听
MyActionListener3 myActionListener3 = new MyActionListener3(field1, field2, field3);
button1.addActionListener(myActionListener3);
//窗口关闭
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyActionListener3 implements ActionListener{
//1. 获取三个变量的值，并转化为int类型
//2. 将加法运算后的结果，放到第三个框
//3. 清除前两个框
private TextField field1;
private TextField field2;
private TextField field3;
public MyActionListener3(TextField field1,TextField field2,TextField field3) {
this.field1 = field1;
this.field2 = field2;
this.field3 = field3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(field1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(field2.getText());
field1.setText("");
field2.setText("");
field3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
}
}
优化简易计算器代码(组合)
package com.dong.lesson1;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class TestCalcu02 { public static void main(String[] args) { Calculator calculator = new Calculator(); calculator.loadCalculator(); }}//计算器class Calculator extends Frame{ //属性: TextField field1,field2,field3; //方法： public void loadCalculator(){ //设置 setBackground(new Color(2, 153, 22)); setLocation(100,100); setLayout(new FlowLayout()); setVisible(true); //组件 field1 = new TextField(10); field2 = new TextField(10); field3 = new TextField(20); Label label = new Label("+"); Button button = new Button("="); //监听 button.addActionListener(new myMonitor(this)); //布局 add(field1); add(label); add(field2); add(button); add(field3); //优化布局 pack(); }}//动作监听器class myMonitor implements ActionListener { //获取这个数据的对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类。 Calculator calculator =null; //构造器，初始化 public myMonitor(Calculator calculator) { this.calculator = calculator; } @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.field1.getText()); int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.field2.getText()); calculator.field1.setText(""); calculator.field2.setText(""); calculator.field3.setText(""+(n1+n2)); }}
再优化简计算器代码（完全改造为面向对象）
内部类：可以是实现更好的包装
package com.dong.lesson1;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class TestCalcu02 { public static void main(String[] args) { Calculator calculator = new Calculator(); calculator.loadCalculator(); }}//计算器class Calculator extends Frame{ //属性: TextField field1,field2,field3; //方法： public void loadCalculator(){ //设置 setBackground(new Color(2, 153, 22)); setLocation(100,100); setLayout(new FlowLayout()); setVisible(true); //组件 field1 = new TextField(10); field2 = new TextField(10); field3 = new TextField(20); Label label = new Label("+"); Button button = new Button("="); //监听 button.addActionListener(new myMonitor()); //布局 add(field1); add(label); add(field2); add(button); add(field3); //优化布局 pack(); } //动作监听器 //内部类的最大好吃就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性 private class myMonitor implements ActionListener { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { int n1 = Integer.parseInt(field1.getText()); int n2 = Integer.parseInt(field2.getText()); field1.setText(""); field2.setText(""); field3.setText(""+(n1+n2)); } }}
2.7、画笔
package com.dong.lesson2;import java.awt.*;public class TestPaint { public static void main(String[] args) { MyPaint myPaint = new MyPaint(); myPaint.loadMyPaint(); }}class MyPaint extends Frame{ public void loadMyPaint(){ setBounds(100,100,400,500); setVisible(true); } //画笔 @Override public void paint(Graphics g) {// super.paint(g); //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画 g.setColor(Color.blue);// g.drawOval(100,100,100,100); g.fillOval(100,100,50,50); g.setColor(Color.RED); g.fillRect(150,150,100,150); //养成一个习惯，画笔用完，将画笔的颜色还原为最初的颜色 }}
2.8、鼠标监听
目的：
package com.dong.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame frame = new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
// 鼠标监听的类
class MyFrame extends Frame{
// 画画需要，
// 底板（框架）
// 需要画笔，
// 需要见监听鼠标事件，从而获取鼠标的坐标，把坐标存起来()
//画笔读取存储的点位，从而画画
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title) {
super(title);
setBounds(2,2,400,300);
setVisible(true);
points = new ArrayList<>();
addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Iterator iterator=points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(new Color(93, 199, 49));
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
//添加产生的村储存器中
public void AddPoint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame frame = (MyFrame)e.getSource();
//把获得点，放在储存器中
AddPoint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
frame.repaint();
}
}
}
2.9、 窗口监听
package com.dong.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindowListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
//窗口监听类
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame() {
setVisible(true);
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setBounds(100,100,200,300);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowClosing");
setVisible(false);//隐藏敞口
System.exit(0);//强制关闭窗口
}
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
});
}
}
2.10、 键盘监听
package com.dong.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.FileReader;
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame {
public KeyFrame() {
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,200,300);
setBackground(Color.red);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
addKeyListener(new MyKeyListener());
}
class MyKeyListener extends KeyAdapter{
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得按键的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按了上键");
}
}
}
}
3 Swing
3.1、窗口、面板
package com.dong.lesson3;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;public class JFrameDemo { public void init(){ //JFrame是一个顶级窗口 JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是我们的jFrame窗口"); jFrame.setBackground(Color.red); jFrame.setBounds(100,100,200,200); jFrame.setVisible(true); //设置文字： JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎欢迎，热泪欢迎"); jFrame.add(jLabel); //让标签居中 jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER); //获得一个容器，设置容器背景 Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane(); contentPane.setBackground(Color.cyan); //关闭窗口事件 jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JFrameDemo().init(); }}
3.2、弹窗
JDialog，本身默认有关闭窗口
package com.dong.lesson3;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class JDialogDemo {
public JDialogDemo() {
JFrame jf = new JFrame();
jf.setVisible(true);
jf.setSize(300,400);
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container content = jf.getContentPane();
content.setBackground(Color.cyan);
//绝对布局
content.setLayout(null);
//设置要给弹窗口按钮
JButton jButton = new JButton("蹦出弹窗");
jButton.setBounds(30,30,220,200);
jButton.setBackground(Color.blue);
content.add(jButton);
//监听Button事件
jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//调用一个弹窗
new MyDialog();
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JDialogDemo();
}
}
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
public MyDialog() {
setVisible(true);
setBackground(Color.BLUE);
setBounds(100,100,200,300);
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
JLabel label = new JLabel("这是个弹窗");
label.setBounds(20,20,80,80);
container.add(label);
}
}
3.3、标签
- label
new JLabel("xxxx");
- 图标1：Icon
package com.kang.lesson3;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int height;
private int width;
//无参构造
public IconDemo() {}
//无参构造
public IconDemo(int height,int width) {
this.height = height;
this.width = width;
}
public void init(){
//生成一个图标
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签的中间
JLabel iconTest = new JLabel("IconTest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
//标签放在容器里面
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
this.add(iconTest);
setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args){
new IconDemo().init();
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x, y, height, width);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.height;
}
}
- 图标2： ImageIcon
package com.kang.lesson3;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo() {
//获取图片的地址
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
//生成一个标签
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
//生成一个图片图标
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
//把图片图标放在label中
jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
//设置标签位置
jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//把标签放在框架容器中
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(jLabel);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
3.4、面板
- JPanel
package com.kang.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2,10,10));
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("2"));
panel1.add(new JButton("3"));
panel2.add(new JButton("4"));
panel2.add(new JButton("5"));
panel3.add(new JButton("6"));
panel3.add(new JButton("7"));
panel4.add(new JButton("8"));
panel4.add(new JButton("9"));
panel4.add(new JButton("10"));
panel4.add(new JButton("11"));
contentPane.add(panel1);
contentPane.add(panel2);
contentPane.add(panel3);
contentPane.add(panel4);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
- JScrollPanel(产生滚动窗口)
package com.kang.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
//获得容器
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//生成文本域
JTextArea area = new JTextArea();
area.setText("花花你真美");
//生成一个滚动面板容器
JScrollPane panel = new JScrollPane(area);
//大容器添加面板容器
contentPane.add(panel);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
3.5、按钮
- 图片按钮、
package com.kang.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
//获得容器
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变成一个图标
URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("1234567899");
contentPane.add(button);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
- 单选框、
package com.kang.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//建立单选框按钮
JRadioButton button1 = new JRadioButton("button1");
JRadioButton button2 = new JRadioButton("button2");
JRadioButton button3 = new JRadioButton("button3");
//创建单选框条件
ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
buttonGroup.add(button1);
buttonGroup.add(button2);
buttonGroup.add(button3);
//添加按键到容器中
contentPane.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.add(button2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
contentPane.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
- 复选框
package com.kang.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//创建复选框
JCheckBox jCheckBox01 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox01");
JCheckBox jCheckBox02 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox02");
contentPane.add(jCheckBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.add(jCheckBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
3.6、列表
- 下拉框
package com.dong.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JComboboxDemo extends JFrame {
public JComboboxDemo() {
//获得一个容器
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//生成一个下拉框模板
JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();
//再下拉框模板添加元素
comboBox.addItem("null");
comboBox.addItem("正在热映");
comboBox.addItem("已经下架");
comboBox.addItem("即将上映");
//将下拉框放到容器中
contentPane.add(comboBox);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JComboboxDemo();
}
}
- 列表框
package com.dong.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class JComboboxDemo2 extends JFrame {
public JComboboxDemo2() {
//获得一个容器
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
// //生成一个列表的内容：
// String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
Vector contents = new Vector();
//生成一个列表框
JList jList = new JList(contents);
contents.add("大麻子");
contents.add("二狗子");
contents.add("大黑蛋");
contents.add("三毛");
//将下拉框放到容器中
contentPane.add(jList);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JComboboxDemo2();
}
}
- 应用场景
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
- 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容
3.7、文本框
- 文本框
package com.dong.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo01() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("hello",20);
JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);
contentPane.add(textField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}
}
- 密码框
package com.dong.lesson4;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo02() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
passwordField.setEchoChar("*");
contentPane.add(passwordField);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo02();
}
}
- 文本域
//生成文本域
JTextArea area = new JTextArea();
area.setText("花花你真美");
//生成一个滚动面板容器
JScrollPane panel = new JScrollPane(area);
//大容器添加面板容器
contentPane.add(panel);
四、贪吃蛇
帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧，连起来就是动画，拆开就是一张张静态的图片。
键盘监听
定时器 Timer
package com.kang.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
//定义蛇的的数据结构
int length;//蛇的长度
int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的x坐标空间
int[] snakeY = new int[500];//蛇的Y坐标空间
String fx; //头的方向
//游戏的状态：开始 or 暂停
Boolean isStart;
//食物的坐标
int foodX;
int foodY;
Random random =new Random();
//游戏是否失败
Boolean isFail;
//游戏得分
int score;
//定时器 以毫秒为单位进行监听 1000ms = 1s
Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);
public GamePanel() {
init();
//获得键盘和焦点事件
this.setFocusable(true);
this.addKeyListener(this);
timer.start();
}
public void init(){
length =3;
snakeX[0]=100;snakeY[0]=100;//脑袋坐标
snakeX[1]=75;snakeY[1]=100;//第一个身体坐标
snakeX[2]=50;snakeY[2]=100;//第二个身体坐标
fx = "right";//头的初始化方向
isStart = false;//游戏的初始化状态为暂停
isFail = false;//游戏初始化状态，成功
score = 0;//初始化得分为0；
//初始化food位置
foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foodY = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);//刷新
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
g.drawRect(25, 75, 850, 600);
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 50));
g.drawString("欢迎来到贪吃蛇世界", 25, 60);
//画得分
g.setColor(Color.CYAN);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 15));
g.drawString("你的得分："+ score, 600, 30);
g.drawString("你的长度："+ length, 600, 60);
if (fx.equals("right")){
Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头部向右
}else if(fx.equals("left")){
Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头部向左
}else if(fx.equals("up")){
Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头部向左
}else if(fx.equals("down")){
Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头部向左
}
// Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//初始化头部向右
// Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[1],snakeY[1]);//初始化第一个身体
// Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[2],snakeY[2]);//初始化第二个身体
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//初始化第二个身体
}
//画出食物
Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, foodX, foodY);
//游戏的状态
if (isStart == false){
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 35));
g.drawString("请按tab+空格键开始游戏", 300, 300);
}
if (isFail){
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 35));
g.drawString("失败+请按空格键开始游戏", 300, 300);
}
}
//键盘监听事件
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
if (isFail){
isFail = false;
init();
} else {
isStart = !isStart;
}
repaint();
}
//小蛇脑袋变换方向
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
fx = "up";
}else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
fx = "down";
}else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
fx = "left";
}else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
fx = "right";
}
}
//事件监听,-------通过固定事件来刷新，一秒十次
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//→右移动
if (isStart && isFail == false){
//身体移动
for (int i = length-1; i > 0; i--) {
snakeX[i]=snakeX[i-1];//向前移动一点
snakeY[i]=snakeY[i-1];//向前移动一点
}
//头部移动
if (fx.equals("right")){
snakeX[0]=snakeX[0]+25;
if (snakeX[0]>850){ snakeX[0]=25; }
} else if (fx.equals("left")){
snakeX[0]=snakeX[0]-25;
if (snakeX[0]<25){ snakeX[0]=850; }
} else if (fx.equals("up")){
snakeY[0]=snakeY[0]-25;
if (snakeY[0]<75){ snakeY[0]=650; }
} else if (fx.equals("down")){
snakeY[0]=snakeY[0]+25;
if (snakeY[0]>650){ snakeY[0]=75; }
}
//吃食物
if (snakeX[0] == foodX && snakeY[0] ==foodY){
length++;
foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foodY = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
score += 1;
}
//
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i] ){
isFail = true;
}
}
repaint();//重画页面
}
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
//==================================
package com.kang.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class StartGames {
//绘制面板，我们所有的东西都用这个来画
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setBounds(10, 10, 900, 720);
frame.add(new GamePanel());
}
}