php使用redis内存不足怎么办

php使用redis内存不足的解决办法：1、通过配置文件或者命令设置Redis最大占用内存大小为100M；2、获取当前内存淘汰策略；3、通过“config set maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru”命令修改淘汰策略即可。

千万级数据并发如何处理？进入学习

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本教程操作环境：windows7系统、PHP8.1版、Dell G3电脑。

Redis占用内存大小

我们知道Redis是基于内存的key-value数据库，因为系统的内存大小有限，所以我们在使用Redis的时候可以配置Redis能使用的最大的内存大小。

1、通过配置文件配置

通过在Redis安装目录下面的redis.conf配置文件中添加以下配置设置内存大小

//设置Redis最大占用内存大小为100M maxmemory 100mb

redis的配置文件不一定使用的是安装目录下面的redis.conf文件，启动redis服务的时候是可以传一个参数指定redis的配置文件的

2、通过命令修改

Redis支持运行时通过命令动态修改内存大小

//设置Redis最大占用内存大小为100M 127.0.0.1:6379> config set maxmemory 100mb //获取设置的Redis能使用的最大内存大小 127.0.0.1:6379> config get maxmemory

如果不设置最大内存大小或者设置最大内存大小为0，在64位操作系统下不限制内存大小，在32位操作系统下最多使用3GB内存

Redis的内存淘汰

既然可以设置Redis最大占用内存大小，那么配置的内存就有用完的时候。那在内存用完的时候，还继续往Redis里面添加数据不就没内存可用了吗？实际上Redis定义了几种策略用来处理这种情况：noeviction(默认策略)：对于写请求不再提供服务，直接返回错误（DEL请求和部分特殊请求除外）allkeys-lru：从所有key中使用LRU算法进行淘汰volatile-lru：从设置了过期时间的key中使用LRU算法进行淘汰allkeys-random：从所有key中随机淘汰数据volatile-random：从设置了过期时间的key中随机淘汰volatile-ttl：在设置了过期时间的key中，根据key的过期时间进行淘汰，越早过期的越优先被淘汰

当使用 volatile-lru、 volatile-random、 volatile-ttl这三种策略时，如果没有key可以被淘汰，则和 noeviction一样返回错误

如何获取及设置内存淘汰策略

获取当前内存淘汰策略：

127.0.0.1:6379> config get maxmemory-policy

通过配置文件设置淘汰策略（修改redis.conf文件）：

maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru

通过命令修改淘汰策略：

127.0.0.1:6379> config set maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru

LRU算法

什么是LRU?

上面说到了Redis可使用最大内存使用完了，是可以使用LRU算法进行内存淘汰的，那么什么是LRU算法呢？

LRU(Least Recently Used)，即最近最少使用，是一种缓存置换算法。在使用内存作为缓存的时候，缓存的大小一般是固定的。当缓存被占满，这个时候继续往缓存里面添加数据，就需要淘汰一部分老的数据，释放内存空间用来存储新的数据。这个时候就可以使用LRU算法了。其核心思想是：如果一个数据在最近一段时间没有被用到，那么将来被使用到的可能性也很小，所以就可以被淘汰掉。

LRU在Redis中的实现

近似LRU算法

Redis使用的是近似LRU算法，它跟常规的LRU算法还不太一样。近似LRU算法通过随机采样法淘汰数据，每次随机出5（默认）个key，从里面淘汰掉最近最少使用的key。

可以通过maxmemory-samples参数修改采样数量：例：maxmemory-samples 10 maxmenory-samples配置的越大，淘汰的结果越接近于严格的LRU算法

Redis为了实现近似LRU算法，给每个key增加了一个额外增加了一个24bit的字段，用来存储该key最后一次被访问的时间。

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